Javascript utc timestamp to local time. let time = 1668268800000 console.

Javascript utc timestamp to local time Jan 1, 2001 · An application where I needed this was to work with a PHP back end as the time () function already returns this. When passed a single number, Date. js. Feb 20, 2018 · The timestamp doesn't have a time zone, so will be treated as "local" everywhere and will represent a different instant in time in each host with a different offset. now(); It works great, except the time is in UTC and not local when I view it in ArcMap. May 28, 2021 · new Date() returns a Date object. Jan 19, 2025 · Dealing with Timezones When working with timestamps, being aware of time zones is essential. js object with a flag to use local time. The timezone is always UTC, as denoted by the suffix Z. attributes. Dec 7, 2023 · A guide on converting Unix Timestamp to readable time format using Javascript. For instance, we can use it to store creation/modification times, to measure time, or just to print out the current date. To convert back to UTC, invert the sign before applying the offset. This tutorial shows you how to convert a date instance to UTC in JavaScript. Mar 2, 2022 · Date Object: This gives you the ability to work with time and date in javascript. But what exactly is the difference between the two? Local Time: This is the time according to the user's local timezone setting on their device. e. When you see local time or a time zone coming from the Date object, the system's local time zone is applied to the internal UTC-based Unix Timestamp to create the output. . 0 is treated as 0 in GMT, but . The millisecond value of the time-of-day is going to be the same regardless of your time zone. Unlike a Moment object, it can not be set to use another time zone; It has no concept of "mode". Feb 21, 2023 · Here, in the code above we first created a new Date object called "local" which contains the current local date and time. Node. Big note, UTC stands for Universal time code. They are: toDateString Converts the date portion of a Date object into a readable string toGMTString Deprecated. DateTimeFormat object enables language-sensitive date and time formatting. # Use the toLocaleDateString method to convert timestamp to Date First, create a Date object with a Unix timestamp in Feb 5, 2025 · A comprehensive guide to the JavaScript Date now() method, explaining how to get the current timestamp in milliseconds. Methods related to local time provide results Mar 6, 2019 · This returns a Day. log(new Date(time). UTC, or Coordinated Universal Time, is the time standard used in aviation, computing, navigation, weather forecasting, and many other fields. In this article, we’ll look at how to convert UTC date-time to local date-time. Oct 30, 2025 · The toLocaleTimeString() method of Date instances returns a string with a language-sensitive representation of the time portion of this date in the local timezone. new Date(Date. Apr 28, 2017 · My configuration is Lisbon time zone. I just want to convert it to UTC format. JavaScript's Date Object: JavaScript has a built-in Date object that's crucial for working with dates and times. Mar 29, 2024 · Z === “Zulu Time” (military) === UTC time (JavaScript) Every time you use the toISOString() on a JavaScript Date object, you will ALWAYS get a UTC representation of the date, indicated by Z. 4 days ago · Epoch / Timestamp converter More about epoch here. This is extracted using the slice () function. Expected output is 6:39 PM which is now current time in New York. If you don’t intend to support <IE8, you can use Date. ) That said, the value you get back from getTime() is a UTC-relative timestamp Sep 1, 2023 · The method returns the same UTC timestamp from any time zone. We can also convert a specific local date time into a UTC date time by Be wary when using this method! It does not create a UTC date - it formats the existing date data as-is into a UTC format and gives it a "Z" timezone. It offers functions that will convert to and from the system's local time zone, but it is always UTC internally. without calling a constructor Date. Only local time / GMT timezone supported. Dec 1, 2019 · My aim is to get current time based on timezone or utc timestamp. Nov 19, 2022 · For example, If your time zone is GMT+2, -120 will be returned. Consider DST Watch out for Mar 19, 2022 · This is where converting between UTC and local time comes in. new Date(). I have to produce a Date object, not a String. Hence like this Mon Sep 28 10:00:00 UTC+0200 2009 Problem is doing a JSON. JavaScript will convert UTC dates to the local time zone for display, and it will use the correct offset. toISOString()) However this do not output my ISO date in my local time. js and Luxon. Dec 5, 2015 · I want to convert my local time (shown below) to UTC. If you are displaying it in the console, it may be using the equivalent of toISOString which presents a UTC timestamp rather than toString which presents a local (i. The current time right now in 2 different places is the same UTC, but the output can be formatted Mar 25, 2025 · If you are looking for How to convert a UTC timestamp to readable local date in JavaScript, toLocalString () can help with that. This string is the time representation of the UNIX timestamp. When you create a Date object, it's initially based on the user's local time zone. By understanding the process outlined in this Jan 1, 2001 · What is epoch time? The Unix epoch (or Unix time or POSIX time or Unix timestamp) is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970 (midnight UTC/GMT), not counting leap seconds (in ISO 8601: 1970-01-01T00:00:00Z). How do I parse this string in Javascript to get a Date represented by this string as the LOCAL TIME? Due to some restriction, I Read the tutorial and find how you can convert the UNIX timestamp to time in JavaScript to make the Unix format date-time value in a user-readable format. Feb 3, 2024 · Learn how to convert UTC time to local time using JavaScript effectively with this comprehensive guide on handling time zones. It has very few facilities for working with time in other time zones. Description The toLocaleTimeString () method returns the time portion of a date object as a string, using locale conventions. Apr 4, 2018 · new Date () is just showing you a representation of the Time in your local timezone, internally it already contains the correct UTC value. let time = 1668268800000 console. I und Jul 9, 2013 · new Date(Date. This timestamp is timezone-agnostic and uniquely defines an instant in history. Auto-detects your local timezone, supports ranges, and saves preferences. DateTimeFormat API support, this method delegates to Intl. Creation To create a new Date object call new Date() with one of the following arguments: new Date() Without arguments – create a Date object for the current Apr 9, 2025 · Instantly convert UTC time to your local zone with our precise converter. Jul 25, 2023 · Conclusion: Handling time zones and converting UTC time to local time is a crucial aspect of web development when working with dates and times. UTC() returns a time value as a number instead of creating a Date object. Jul 15, 2025 · Output: Example 2: This example converts today's UTC date time into local date time using JavaScript. js Strings Streams Date Convert timestamp to date or date to timestamp easily. Oct 21, 2013 · Am getting a GMT time from my server in this format Fri, 18 Oct 2013 11:38:23 GMT My requirement is to convert this time to local time using Javascript, eg:/ if the Dec 1, 2015 · I am writing the current date and time to an attribute in an SDE feature class that is being accessed via a FeatureServer when an edit occurs with the following: feature. Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is a time zone and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a time standard. Aug 23, 2023 · In this article, we'll explore how to generate a UTC/GMT timestamp using JavaScript. Many time zones have different offsets from UTC depending on the date. All JavaScript getUTC methods assume that the date is of local time. The Intl. The toGMTString () returns a string that represents the Date based on the GMT (UT) time zone. It has methods that can be used to convert time from UTC to your local time and vice versa. new Date() returns a date object with the current date and time. This is wrong 99% of the time! You must convert the date to GMT timezone before using this method! Feb 13, 2023 · If you've got a UTC timestamp string, turn it into a Date object , and JavaScript will automatically convert it to your local timezone… Mar 14, 2025 · This tutorial demonstrates how to convert UTC to local time in JavaScript. Bonus if I can output in the user's locale date format. 2 days ago · A timestamp (or time stamp) is a sequence of characters representing a specific date and time. thanks! Oct 14, 2014 · Refer to this duplicate answer here. com Jul 10, 2025 · Date. now () method in JavaScript returns the current timestamp in milliseconds since January 1, 1970. toString() method shows the local time. Conclusion toLocalString () function provide all formatting needs of date and time. UTC() interprets it as a year instead of a timestamp. It's also great for a time stamp as you can easily get the difference between time () being our current time and a time stamp from a previous time that had been stored in a database say when a user posted something. getTime(). Calling the method from any time zone returns the same UTC timestamp. js is a powerful library for working with dates and times in JavaScript. One common requirement is to convert a date and time from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to the local time zone of the user's device. Includes ISO, Unix, and RFC examples, plus JavaScript and Python code snippets. Jun 10, 2025 · Learn to convert UTC timestamps into your local timezone easily. Overview Unix timestamp is a numeric value that represents the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970, at 00:00:00 Local time is the time in a specific region or time zone, which may be ahead or behind UTC. In this article, you will learn how to convert UTC datetime to user's local timezone using Javascript, PHP and MySQL. Store in UTC Keeping all dates in UTC helps maintain consistency, reducing discrepancies across regions. So if you supply a timestamp in at 12:00 noon UTC+1 you will get a timestamp for 12:00 noon UTC, which would be an hour off of your input. In implementations with Intl. 2012-08-19T00:00:00Z is 1345334400000), then the OP will create a date instance based on that value and toLocaleTimeString will show an implementation dependent string of the local time for the supplied UTC time. The method returns the number of milliseconds since the Unix Epoch and always uses UTC for time representation. But it only knows about the local time zone. this will helps for converting UTC time zone to local timezone and options for date and time you can customized date format. Learn how to convert timestamp to date in Python, PHP, JavaScript, Bash, When using Date objects, be aware of the following: The Date object internally represents a Unix timestamp with millisecond precision. , +00:00) to ISO strings. You can use ISO 8601 format (like "2024-07-08T12:00:00Z ") or Unix timestamp (like "1720425600 "). You can use these methods if you want to convert selected parts of a given date to UTC. js Series Overview Node. May 11, 2009 · I am storing time in a MySQL database as a Unix timestamp and that gets sent to some JavaScript code. UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) is the time set by the World Time Standard. Convert timestamps or datetimes from logs, databases, or monitoring tools to any timezone. Oct 14, 2022 · Let’s meet a new built-in object: Date. Mar 6, 2024 · A step-by-step guide on how to convert a Unix timestamp to time using JavaScript. 2. now() method to get a Unix timestamp for right now in the current user’s timezone. Nov 24, 2015 · I have a string representing the current time: 2015-11-24T19:40:00. g. UTC(year, month, day, ho Dec 12, 2024 · Understanding Local and Universal Time In JavaScript, the Date object is used to handle dates and times. Based on @digitalbath answer, here is a small function to grab the UTC timestamp and display the local time in a given DOM element (using jQuery for this last part): Mar 14, 2025 · This tutorial demonstrates how to convert UTC to local time in JavaScript. date. If a parameter is outside of the expected range, the UTC() method updates the other parameters to accommodate the value. Avoid local time zones in backend-frontend communication. When a UTC time string is parsed using the Date object, it Given I have the number 1446309338000, how do I create a JavaScript UTC date? new Date(1446309338000) will equal a CST time (central standard) or local time. Though the way this code works, it first extracts the individual time components from the input time, completely ignoring the time zone of the input object. toLocaleString (): returns a string representation of a date and time using the system’s local time zone Date. Is there any good solution? javascript datetime timezone edited Dec 1, 2019 at 0:53 Matt Johnson-Pint 242k75465610 asked Nov 30, 2019 at 23:43 Pranav 1,64532962 3 Nov 23, 2024 · JavaScript’s Date object operates primarily in UTC, yet it often interacts with the local time of the machine it’s running on. now(). stringify converts the above Free online tool to instantly convert between Unix timestamps, ISO dates, and multiple time formats. sssZ or ±YYYYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss. Oct 18, 2013 · How to convert this timestamp 1382086394000 to 2013-10-18 08:53:14 using a function in javascript? Currently I have this function: Oct 18, 2013 · How to convert this timestamp 1382086394000 to 2013-10-18 08:53:14 using a function in javascript? Currently I have this function: Jul 11, 2025 · The Date. How do I convert UTC to local time? Simply enter your UTC timestamp in the converter above. How To Convert Timestamp To Date and Time in JavaScript Unlike other languages, JavaScript doesn't have equivalent for function strftime. It accepts the year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and millisecond components of the date and returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC. To convert a timestamp to a human-readable date and time format, JavaScript provides the new Date ()constructor and two methods: Date. E. This method doesn’t require creating a new date object, making it one of the fastest and most efficient ways to capture the current time in your code. js Shouldn't Need to Convert Storing Dates Escape Hatch Conversions From UTC To UTC Local Time The time in a specific geographic location, taking into account time zones and daylight saving time (DST). Mar 27, 2012 · I'm trying to convert a timestamp being returned from a JSON resource in javascript that is displaying in UTC to the users local timezone. Pure JavaScript version. Jan 20, 2012 · When an offset is shown in a timestamp string, it means that the date and time values in the string have already been adjusted from UTC by that value. Jul 23, 2025 · Moment. Mar 10, 2024 · It is a long number, called UNIX timestamp, and an example is 1641895275360 How do you convert this number to date and time format in JavaScript? The output Date format is MM/DD/YYYY and the time format is HH:MM:SS. Local Time : '2015-12-04 19:05:48' Ho Passing the timestamp from database to var new Date(timestamp) get it converted to local time, it takes care of timezone and offsets as well. getTime() returns milliseconds from Jan. Thanks for your time experts! Apr 21, 2020 · You can simply use the toString() method to convert UTC or GMT date time to local date time in JavaScript. js to return a UTC date time in milliseconds. <input class="form-control" name="aution_end_time" required type="datetime-local id="auction_end_time-input"> Now what I would like to do is convert this "local datetime object" to UTC time and store that value in a hidden input of the form. It provides methods that deal with both the local time and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). UTC () method returns the number of milliseconds between a specified date and midnight of January 1, 1970, according to UTC. UTC time is the same as GMT time (Greenwich Mean Time). This is especially useful for applications that need to display times in the user's local context. see Date () different output in VS code vs console. DateTimeFormat. now() will return the number of milliseconds since January, 1 1970 UTC. As you can see both my trials are unsuccessful. This article will discuss what UTC and local time are, why it is necessary to convert between the two, and how to convert UTC time to local time and vice versa using Javascript. The time from this date string can be found by extracting from the 11th to last to the 4th to the last character of the string. if you have an epoch timestamp, convert it to a javascript timestamp by multiplying by 1000. Jan 15, 2022 · 0 This question already has an answer here: Convert UTC date received from server to local timzone date in Javascript (1 answer) Oct 20, 2023 · Discover how to easily manage different time-zones using date-fns-tz library, while planning a Halloween party across multiple time-zones. It's important to note that Date. Utc was formerly used as the international civil time standard, now superseded in that function by Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). To prove this, notice that if you type new Date(0) you'll see something like: Wed Dec 31 1969 16:00:00 GMT-0800 (PST). I want a single number that represents the current date and time, like a Unix timestamp. So if utc is such a time (e. Convert milliseconds to date - UNIX timestamp - UTC time Jun 19, 2017 · Why are you using utcOffset? Moment by default parses time in local time, if you need to convert time to given timezone you can use tz() function. Literally speaking, the epoch is Unix time 0 (midnight 1/1/1970), but 'epoch' is often used as a synonym for Unix time. Learn various methods, including using the built-in Date object, toLocaleString(), Moment. date('Y-m-d H:i:s T') returns the date in the current locale timezone. Enhance your application’s user experience by ensuring accurate time displays across different time zones. getTime(); Example: The new Date(). Dec 31, 2023 · This post talks about the current timestamp in milliseconds, seconds since epoch Unix timestamp now(),getTime(), and valueOf methods code examples Jul 12, 2024 · In JavaScript, the Date. Description The epoch, timestamps, and invalid date A JavaScript date is fundamentally specified as the time in milliseconds that has elapsed since the epoch, which is defined as the midnight at the beginning of January 1, 1970, UTC (equivalent to the UNIX epoch). Mar 5, 2024 · # Get a UTC/GMT timestamp using JavaScript Use the getTime() method to get a UTC/GMT timestamp, e. The converter will automatically detect your timezone and show the local time in multiple formats. This ensures that the displayed time aligns with the selected timezone, often using built-in methods or external libraries. Dec 5, 2024 · A common approach to handling dates in an application is to store them in the UTC timezone. Dec 5, 2024 · JavaScript dates also provide getUTC<unit> methods for each unit: year, month, day, hours, minutes, seconds, and milliseconds. now() to directly get the time stamp without having to create a new Date object. That is, there are no time zones on planet Earth that differ from one another by a number of milliseconds greater than zero. by simply passing a string into the Date constructor (without prototype approaches). Jun 10, 2025 · This makes JavaScript date-from-timestamp and JavaScript timestamp-to-date conversion straightforward, provided the UTC time zone is used. The getTimezoneOffset() method of Date instances returns the difference, in minutes, between this date as evaluated in the UTC time zone, and the same date as evaluated in the local time zone. (They may differ by an integer number of hours or even minutes, but not seconds or milliseconds. Jul 12, 2025 · Converting a date to another timezone in JavaScript means adjusting the local date and time to match the time in a different timezone. When I do new Date() I get my current local date/time which is Fri Apr 28 2017 01:10:55 GMT+0100 (GMT Daylight Time) When I get the ISO string with toISOString Jan 22, 2024 · Native JavaScript Date Object and UTC Time The JavaScript Date object is inherently tied to the local time zone of the user’s system. The timestamp variable will hold the current timestamp, and it will be logged to the console. If Pacific Time is not your local time zone, then you must use a Sep 14, 2011 · The internal value of a javascript date instance is a UTC time clip in milliseconds. The toUTCString () method is used to convert a Date object into a string, according to universal time. Include Time Zone Info: Always add Z (UTC) or offset (e. UTC or new Date(year, month, day). There are multiple ways we can convert Unix timestamps. It's a global standard and doesn't account for time zones. This method returns the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 UTC, and can be used to perform various calculations and set timeouts. 1, 1970, so. Mar 6, 2012 · is there an easy way to get the unix timestamp in javascript from a specific timezone? for example i want the client send me an unix timestamp but i want to get it to match my timezone. Best Practices for Seamless Date Conversion To avoid timestamp mismatches entirely, follow these practices: Standardize on UTC: Store and transmit timestamps in UTC. Example Feb 19, 2023 · This article shows you how to convert Unix timestamp into date time and vice versa in Javascript. Then, we used the getTimezoneOffset () method to get the time difference between UTC and the local time in minutes. Oct 5, 2011 · The toISOString() method of Date instances returns a string representing this date in the date time string format, a simplified format based on ISO 8601, which is always 24 or 27 characters long (YYYY-MM-DDTHH:mm:ss. Local time can belong to any timezone which a user belongs to. Jul 12, 2025 · The toUTCString () method is used to represent the Date object as a string in the UTC time format. sssZ, respectively). Understanding UTC and GMT Before we get into the code, it's important to understand what UTC and GMT are. If you need the number of seconds, you'll need to divide the result by 1000. To obtain the UTC representation of a date instead of number in milliseconds, use the toUTCString () method. May 5, 2019 · How to convert a time to user local timezone in javascript Asked 6 years, 6 months ago Modified 6 years, 6 months ago Viewed 12k times Probably and easy answer to this but I can't seem to find a way to get moment. 6 days ago · 5. I agree with the previous answer, just use Unix timestamp. now () method. getTime() method is used to create a new Date object and retrieve its timestamp in milliseconds. In JavaScript, in order to get the current timestamp, you can use Date. When using Date objects, be aware of the following: The Date object internally represents a Unix timestamp with millisecond precision. Dec 1, 2012 · It is really easy to convert local time to UTC in JavaScript Do you feel the need for a library even for a small task like converting local Date to UTC format? Jul 21, 1983 · UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) is the time set by the World Time Standard. host timezone and offset) timestamp. Mar 15, 2021 · Such values are always UTC-based. Convert Timestamp to human readable date or convert Date/DateTime to Timestamp. sfd_edit_date = Date. Nov 8, 2024 · Key Tips for Handling Time Zones in JavaScript and Angular 1. Syntax: Nov 1, 2025 · GMT - Wikipedia Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. It is usually an integer that counts the seconds elapsed since January 1, 1970, at 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), also known as the Unix epoch. Description The Date. Jul 23, 2025 · Syntax let timestamp = new Date(). js, and Luxon for seamless time conversions. Jan 3, 2024 · We'll look at three different approaches to change a date in UTC to any local timezone and vice-versa using Vanilla JavaScript, Day. Nov 16, 2022 · I want to convert time in milisecond to my local time in ISO format. Explained The UNIX timestamp is defined as the number of seconds since January 1, 1970 UTC. Feb 25, 2021 · That's not what I mean. UTC (Universal Time Coordinated) A time standard based on atomic clocks. Simple and powerful for developers and general users. Below i'm trying to adjust with the user offset. I want the server to always serve dates in UTC in the HTML, and have JavaScript on the client site convert it to the user's local timezone. The UTC storage allows you to convert dates and times to your needs by adding or subtracting the offset hours for a user. parse("2005-07-08 00:00:00 GMT-0000")); also returns the same result. The local time zone cannot be changed programmatically from JavaScript (or TypeScript), nor can it be altered on a per-object basis. 1, 1970. See full list on bobbyhadz. Aug 27, 2015 · How can I parse a simple date string and let JavaScript know that it's actually a UTC date? Currently, if I do new Date('2015-08-27') it converts it to my timezone. After subtracting this value from the local time in milliseconds we got the UTC time. The internal representation of a Date object is a single number - namely timestamp - representing the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since 1970-01-01 Dec 13, 2023 · Javascript date can be converted to UTC by using functions present in the Javascript Date object. Learn various methods, including using the built-in Date object, toLocaleString (), Moment. How would I get just the time out of it? For example, in HH/MM/SS format. UTC() method is used to create a date object representing a specified date and time in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). You may know the time is UTC, but without knowing which date it's from, you can't convert it to a time zone. toUTCString (): returns a string representation of a date and time in UTC Example: Background JavaScript's Date object tracks time in UTC internally, but typically accepts input and produces output in the local time of the computer it's running on. 76 What is the best method to get the clients local time irrespective of the time zone of clients system? I am creating an application and i need to first of all get the exact time and date of the place from where the client is accessing. The only way to do it without a fancy library is to actually be in the pacific time zone. Javascript however provides multiple functions to present date and time in human readable form. Sep 25, 2010 · Notes time() returns the unix timestamp, which is a number, it has no timezone. It stores the date, time and provides methods for date/time management. Jan 3, 2024 · This tutorial explains how we can convert a UTC datetime value to local and vice-versa using either vanilla JavaScript or populat libraries like Luxon and Day. JavaScript's Date object works in the local time of the user's browser, but you can also work with UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) in JavaScript: Jan 31, 2025 · Next, we’ll use the Date. ,Return the timezone difference between UTC and Local Time:,The getTimezoneOffset () method returns the time difference between UTC time and local time, in minutes. Importantly, the Date object retains no time zone or string format; instead, it stores a timestamp in milliseconds from 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC. The new Date () Constructor In JavaScript, date objects are created with new Date(). I want to parse time: without time zone. Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) is a standard time reference used globally, while local time refers to the time zone-specific time observed in a particular region. 1 day ago · GMT - Wikipedia Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. My date objects in JavaScript are always represented by UTC +2 because of where I am located. For example, Eastern Time in the US uses UTC-5 during standard time and UTC-4 during daylight time. Feb 20, 2023 · Retrieving the current timestamp in JavaScript is a common task that can be accomplished using the built-in Date. gmdate('Y-m-d H:i:s T') returns the date in UTC date_default_timezone_set() changes the current locale timezone to change a time in a timezone May 5, 2010 · A Date object's underlying value is actually in UTC. Mar 17, 2025 · In this guide, we will walk you through the process of converting UTC dates to local time in JavaScript. Then, we’ll subtract the serverTimestamp from it to get the different in milliseconds between the two timezones. Epoch time is in seconds from Jan. Apr 11, 2023 · UTC Daylight Time Date Internals JavaScript Runtimes Formats for Creating Dates JS Date Does Automatic Conversions With Timezone Offset With Implied Local Time With UTC Display the Local Time Get Current Timezone of Runtime Set the Current Timezone for Node. Here is what I am doing: Mar 4, 2021 · Sometimes, we may want to convert a UTC date-time to a local date-time in our JavaScript apps. Fast, accurate, and user-friendly – adjust your time effortlessly. quh iqdot vzizq wkz cexbsgj kseog pvwgx dredoqk nxylvn yuzwrqz bzwk imsc tonpfa aakb ypn